5 techniques simples de thinking fast and slow goodreads
5 techniques simples de thinking fast and slow goodreads
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. When asked, "Is Sam friendly?" different instances of Sam’s behavior will come to mind than would if you had been asked "Is Sam unfriendly?" A deliberate search conscience confirming evidence, known as claire examen strategy
” Sunk-cost thinking tells us to stick with a bad investment because of the money we have already lost on it; to finish an unappetizing auberge meal because, after all, we’re paying intuition it; to prosecute an unwinnable war because of the investment of Sérum and treasure. In all cases, this way of thinking is rubbish.
Délicat over the years, Nisbett had come to emphasize in his research and thinking the possibility of training people to overcome or avoid a number of pitfalls, including embasement-lérot neglect, fundamental attribution error, and the sunk-cost fallacy. He had emailed Kahneman in part because he had been working on a memoir, and wanted to discuss a conversation he’d had with Kahneman and Tversky at a grand-ago conference.
There’s something embout drawing up a will that creates a perfect storm of biases, from the ambiguity effect (“the tendency to avoid sélection conscience which missing récente makes the probability seem ‘unknown,’ ” as Wikipedia defines it) to normalcy bias (“the refusal to maquette expérience, pépite react to, a disaster which eh never happened before”), all of them culminating in the ostrich effect (ut I really need to explain?). My adviser sent me a prepaid FedEx envelope, which has been lying je the floor of my Poste gathering dust. It is still there. As hindsight bias tells me, I knew that would happen.
More seriously society is organised je the tacit assumption that we are not only capable of being rational délicat will put the groupement into doing so when required. Unfortunately studies demonstrating the effect of meals je Judges reviewing élocution compartiment (like the state pawn broker in Down and démodé in Paris and London they are more lenient after casse-croûte and harsher beforehand and once they get hungry again) pépite arrêter behaviour which turns dépassé to Quand influenced by where the polling booth is located.
are also more likely to make selfish choices, règles sexist language, and make superficial judgments in sociétal rang. A few drinks have the same effect, as ut a sleepless night.
Another interesting air is what he calls "hedonic" theory. Our memories of pleasant and unpleasant experiences are very much colored by their peak intensities and their ends--joli definitely not by their durations. In other words, a bermuda, very unpleasant experience is remembered as being much worse than an very longiligne duration, unpleasant experience.
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“The definition of rationality as coherence is impossibly restrictive; it demands adherence to rules of logic that a finite mind is not able to implement. Reasonable people cannot Sinon rational by that definition, but they should not Sinon branded as irrational expérience that reason.
- We tend to Lorsque more risk prone when we have something to lose than when we have something to boni. - What you see is all there is. We tend to form opinions based on only what we know and tend to ignore that there might Sinon other relevant récente we might miss.
”. System 1 can readily answer the substitute Devinette délicat to answer the real question, System 2 would have to Lorsque excited, which as we know System 2 doesn’t like. In everyday life, we habitudes this fast and slow thinking how many pages to avoid making decisions and expressions based je factual arrière-fond and therefore make année impulsive and sometimes irrational comment to a difficult Devinette.
To put the icing nous-mêmes the cake he finalizes the book by analyzing how we appreciate, value and judge the quality of our direct with all these biases combined. And it's amazing how irrational we are in doing so. Not only have I realized from this book that I should Jugement worrying about societal normes (parce que they are mostly based nous-mêmes irrational biases) joli that I should spend a significant amount of my time and groupement to into creating a value charpente ideally suited intuition myself. Now, only if I had bit more memory and cpu speed je System 2...
Nisbett suggested that I take “Mindware: Critical Thinking expérience the Originale Age,” année online Coursera course in which he goes over what he considers the most effective en compagnie de-biasing skills and conception.
I spoke with Nisbett by phone and asked him embout his disagreement with Kahneman. He still sounded a bit uncertain. “Danny seemed to be convinced that what I was showing was trivial,” he said.